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  7                <title>Pech-Maho. Commercial transaction on lead tablet</title>
  8                <editor>Donatella Erdas</editor>
  9                <editor>Anna Magnetto</editor>
 10            </titleStmt>
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 12                <authority>Laboratory of Computer Sciences for Ancient Languages, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa</authority>
 13                <idno type="filename">GEI007</idno>
 14                <availability><p>for internal use only</p></availability>
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 17                <ab>Aimed for
 18                <bibl xml:id="ErdMagCS"><author>D. Erdas</author>, <author>A. Magnetto</author>, 
 19                    <title>Corpus delle iscrizioni economiche greche</title> in c.s.</bibl>;
 20                this version born digital</ab>
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 22                    <msDesc>
 23                    <msIdentifier/>
 24                        <physDesc>
 25                            <objectDesc>
 26                                <supportDesc>
 27                                    <support>
 28                                        <p>fragmentary rectangular <material>bronze</material> <objectType>plaque</objectType> written on both sides: 
 29                                            the Greek text on the recto followed the Etruscan inscription engraved on the verso 
 30                                            (dimensions: <dimensions>
 31                                                <height unit="mm">52</height>
 32                                                <width unit="mm">115</width>
 33                                                <depth unit="mm">1,1</depth></dimensions>). 
 34                                            The plaque was rolled up with the receiver’s name written along the verso’s right side; the name erased partially the Etruscan text</p>
 35                                    </support>
 36                                </supportDesc>
 37                                <layoutDesc>
 38                                    <layout>almost <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">stoichedon</foreign> (ca. 29 letters)</layout>
 39                                </layoutDesc>
 40                            </objectDesc>
 41                            <handDesc>
 42                                <handNote>Phocaean alphabet</handNote>
 43                            </handDesc>
 44                        </physDesc>
 45                        <history>
 46                            <origin>
 47                                <ab><origPlace>a Ionic settlement in Iberic area.</origPlace></ab>
 48                                <ab><origDate notBefore="-0475" notAfter="-0450" precision="low">475-450 BC</origDate></ab>
 49                            </origin>
 50                            <provenance>
 51                                <listEvent>
 52                                    <event type="found">
 53                                        <p>Sigean (<placeName>Pech-Maho</placeName> <foreign xml:lang="la">oppidum</foreign>), France</p>
 54                                    </event>
 55                                    <event type="observed">
 56                                        <p>?</p>
 57                                    </event>
 58                                </listEvent>
 59                            </provenance>
 60                        </history>
 61                    </msDesc>
 62                </ab>
 63            </sourceDesc>
 64        </fileDesc>
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 66            <p>Marked-up according to the EpiDoc Guidelines and Schema, version 8</p>
 67            <projectDesc>
 68                <p>Sample for a Corpus of Greek Economical Inscriptions</p>
 69            </projectDesc>
 70        </encodingDesc>
 71        <profileDesc>
 72            <langUsage>
 73                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek</language>
 74                <language ident="la">Latin</language>
 75                <language ident="grc-Latn">Transliterated Greek</language>
 76                <language ident="en">English</language>
 77                <language ident="it">Italian</language>
 78                <language ident="fr">French</language>
 79                <language ident="de">German</language>
 80            </langUsage>
 81            <textClass>
 82                <keywords scheme="subjects">
 83                    <term>security</term>
 84                    <term>sale</term>
 85                    <term>real estate</term>
 86                    <term>prices</term>
 87                </keywords>
 88                <keywords scheme="type">
 89                    <term>private deed</term>
 90                </keywords>
 91            </textClass>
 92        </profileDesc>
 93    </teiHeader>
 94    <text>
 95        <body>
 96            <div type="bibliography" subtype="referenceEdition">
 97                <head>Reference edition</head>
 98                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0051">Ampolo, Caruso 1990-1991</ref>, <biblScope unit="page">32</biblScope>,</bibl> 
 99                    <bibl>after <ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0052">Chadwick 1990</ref></bibl>
100            </div>
101            
102            <div type="bibliography" subtype="editions">
103                <head>Other editions</head>
104                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0053">Lejeune, Pouilloux, Solier 1988</ref>;</bibl>
105                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0054">Rodríguez Somolinos 1996</ref>, <biblScope unit="page">75</biblScope>, no. 2 (<title>SEG</title> 46 1366; see also Castellano i Arolas 2007);</bibl>
106                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0043">H.Van Effenterre, F. Ruzé, <title>Nomima</title></ref>, <biblScope unit="volume">II</biblScope> <biblScope unit="page">75</biblScope>;</bibl>
107                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0055">Wilson 1997-1998</ref> (see also Harris 2013, 124);</bibl>
108                <bibl>J.-C. Decourt, <title>IGF</title> 135 (see also Decourt 2014, no. 8)</bibl>
109                
110            </div>
111            
112            <div type="bibliography" subtype="illustrations">
113                <head>Photographs</head>
114                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0053">Lejeune, Pouilloux, Solier 1988</ref>;</bibl>
115                <bibl>Ampolo, Caruso 1990-1991, fig. 3 (facsimile);</bibl>
116                <bibl>Decourt 2014, no. 8</bibl>
117            </div>
118            
119            <div type="bibliography" subtype="translations">
120                <head>Translations</head>
121                <bibl>Lejeune, Pouilloux 1988 (French);</bibl>
122                <bibl>Pouilloux 1988 (French);</bibl>
123                <bibl>Chadwick 1990 (English);</bibl>
124                <bibl>Ampolo, Caruso 1990-1991 (Italian);</bibl>
125                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0043"><title>Nomima</title></ref>, <biblScope unit="volume">II</biblScope> <biblScope unit="page">75</biblScope> (French);</bibl>
126                <bibl>Castellano i Arolas 2007, 137-154 (Spanish);</bibl>
127                <bibl>Demetriou 2012, 43-44 (English);</bibl>
128                <bibl>Ceccarelli 2013, B3 (English)</bibl>
129                <bibl>Decourt 2014, no. 8 (French)</bibl>
130            </div>
131            
132            <div type="bibliography" subtype="other">
133                <head>Bibliography</head>
134                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0056">Lejeune, Pouilloux, CRAI, 1988</ref>;</bibl>
135                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0057">Pouilloux, Scienze dell’antichità, 2, 1988 (1990)</ref>;</bibl>
136                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0058">Van Effenterre, Vélissaropoulos 1991</ref>;</bibl>
137                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0059">Lejeune 1991</ref>;</bibl>
138                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0060">Cristofani 1993</ref>;</bibl>
139                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0061">Vinogradov 1998</ref>, 166-170;</bibl>
140                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0062">Pébarthe, Delrieux 1999</ref>;</bibl>
141                    <bibl>De Hoz <date>1999</date>, <biblScope unit="page">61-90</biblScope>;</bibl>
142                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0063">Decourt 2000</ref>;</bibl>
143                    <bibl>Braun <date>2004</date>, <biblScope unit="page">315-316</biblScope>;</bibl>
144                    <bibl>Lombardo <date>2002</date>, <biblScope unit="page">73-87</biblScope>;</bibl>
145                    <bibl>Faraguna 2002, 247-252</bibl>
146                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0064">Santiago 2003</ref> (<title>SEG</title> 53 1149);</bibl>
147                    <bibl>Castellano i Arolas 2007, 137-154 (<title>SEG</title> 57 986);</bibl>
148                    <bibl>Demetriou 2012, 43-44</bibl>
149                    <bibl>Ceccarelli 2013, B3;</bibl>
150                    <bibl>Harris 2013, 118-120;</bibl>
151                    <bibl>Pena 2014;</bibl>
152                    <bibl>Ruiz Darasse 2016</bibl>
153            </div>
154            <div type="edition" xml:lang="grc" xml:space="preserve">
155                <div type="textpart" n="r">
156                    <head xml:lang="en">obverse</head>
157                <ab>
158                    <lb n="1"/><w part="I" lemma="ἀκάτιον">ἀ<unclear>κ</unclear>άτ<unclear>ι</unclear></w><gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="πρίαμαι">ἐπρία<unclear>το</unclear></w></rs> <gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/><w part="M">πρι</w><gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/> <supplied reason="lost"><w lemma="παρά">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τῶν</w></supplied> <space/>
159                    <lb n="2"/><rs type="ethnic" ref="GEIListPlace/#plc0009"><w lemma="Ἐμπορίται">Ἐμποριτέων</w></rs>· <rs type="economic"><w lemma="πρίαμαι">ἐπρίατο</w></rs> <w part="I">τε</w><gap reason="lost" quantity="8" unit="character"/> <space/>
160                    <lb n="3"/><w lemma="ἐγώ">ἐμοὶ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="μεταδίδωμι">μετέδωκε</w></rs> <measure type="currency" unit="unknown" quantity="0.5"><!-- problem --><w lemma="ὁ"><w lemma="ἥμισυς">τὤμυσυ</w></w></measure> <measure type="currency" unit="unknown" quantity="20"><w lemma="τρίτος">τ<supplied reason="lost">ρίτ</supplied>ο̄</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἡμιοκτάνιος">ἡ<supplied reason="lost">μι</supplied>οκτα<unclear>ν</unclear>
161                    <lb n="4" break="no"/>ίο̄</w></rs></measure>. <measure type="currency" unit="unknown" quantity="15"><w lemma="τρίτος">τρίτον</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἡμιεκτάνιος">ἡμιεκτάνιον</w></rs></measure> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="δίδωμι">ἔδωκα</w></rs> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀριθμός">ἀριθμῶ
162                    <lb n="5" break="no"/>ι</w></rs> <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἐγγυητήριον">ἐγγυητήριον</w></rs> <measure type="time" unit="day" quantity="3"><rs type="economic"><w lemma="τρίτος">τρίτην</w></rs></measure> <w lemma="αὐτός">αὐτός</w>· <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ἐκεῖνος">κε
163                    <lb n="6" break="no"/>ῖν’</w> <w lemma="λαμβάνω">ἔλαβεν</w> <w lemma="ἐν">ἐν</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τῶι</w> <w lemma="ποταμός">ποταμῶι</w>· <w lemma="ὁ">τὸν</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀρραβών">ἀρρα
164                    <lb n="7" break="no"/>βῶν’</w></rs> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀναδίδωμι">ἀνέδωκα</w></rs> <w lemma="ὅπου">ὅκο̄</w> <!-- problem --><w lemma="ὁ"><w lemma="ἀκάτιον">τἀκάτια</w></w> <w lemma="ὁρμίζω">ὁρμίζεται</w>·
165                    <lb n="8"/><rs type="economic"><w lemma="μάρτυς">μάρτυρ</w></rs>· <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0008"><name nymRef="Βασιγερρος"><w lemma="Βασιγερρος">Βασιγερρος</w></name></persName> <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0009"><name nymRef="Βλερυας"><w lemma="Βλερυας">Βλερυας</w></name></persName> <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w>
166                    <lb n="9"/><persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt00010"><name>Γολο<gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>βιυρ</name></persName> <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0011"><name nymRef="Σεδεγων"><w lemma="Σεδεγων">Σεδεγων</w></name></persName>· <w lemma="οὗτος">ο<supplied reason="lost">ὗ</supplied>τοι</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="μάρτυς">μάρτ
167                    <lb n="10" break="no"/><space/>υρες</w></rs> <w lemma="εὖτε">εὖτε</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τὸν</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀρραβών">ἀρραβῶν’</w></rs> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀναδίδωμι">ἀνέδωκα</w></rs>,
168                    <lb n="11"/><space/> <w lemma="εὖτε"><supplied reason="lost">ε</supplied>ὖτε</w> <w lemma="δέ">δὲ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀποδίδωμι">ἀπέδωκα</w></rs> <w lemma="ὁ">τὸ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="χρῆμα">χρῆμα</w></rs> <measure type="currency" unit="unknown" quantity="20"><w lemma="τρίτος">τρίτον</w>
169                    <lb n="12"/><space/> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἡμιοκτάνιος"><supplied reason="lost">ἡμ</supplied>ιοκτ<unclear>άν</unclear>ι<supplied reason="lost">ο</supplied>ν</w></rs></measure>, <persName type="private"><name><gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>αυαρας</name></persName> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0013"><name>Ναλβε<gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/>ν</name></persName>
170                </ab>
171                </div>
172                    <div type="textpart" n="v">
173                    <head>reverse</head>
174                <ab>
175                   <lb n="13"/><persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0014"><name nymRef="Ἡρωνοίιος"><w lemma="Ἡρωνοίιος">Ἡρωνοίιος</w></name></persName>
176                </ab>
177                    </div>
178            </div>
179            
180            <div type="commentary" xml:lang="en" xml:space="preserve">
181                <lb/>
182                <lb/>
183                <lb/><p>Ampolo, C. and T. Caruso (1990-1991), ‘I Greci e gli altri nel Mediterraneo occidentale: circolazione di beni, di uomini, di istituti’, <title>Opus</title> 9-10, 29-58</p> 
184                <lb/><p>Braun, T. (2004), ‘Hecataeus’ Knowledge of the Western Mediterranean’, in Lomas K. (ed.), <title>Greek Identity in the Western Mediterranean</title>. <title>Papers in Honour of B. Shefton</title>, Brill-Leiden-Boston, 287-348</p>
185                <lb/><p>Castellano i Arolas, M. (2007), 'Datos para una reconstrucción de los hechos contenidos en el plomo griego de Pech Maho', <title>Dike</title> 10, 137-154</p>
186                <lb/><p>Ceccarelli, P. (2013), <title>Ancient Greek Letter Writing. A Cultural History (600 BC–150 BC)</title>, Oxford</p>
187                <lb/><p>Chadwick, J. (1990), ‘The Pech-Maho Lead’, <title>ZPE</title> 82, 161-166</p>
188                <lb/><p>Cristofani, M. (1993), ‘Il testo di Pech-Maho, Aleria e i traffici del V secolo a.C.’, <title>MEFRA</title> 105, 833-845</p>                
189                <lb/><p>Decourt, J.C. (2000), ‘État de la recherche 1999’, <title>Archéologie en Languedoc</title> 24, 111-124</p>
190                <lb/><p>Decourt, J.-C. (2014), 'Lettres privées grecques sur plomb et céramique', in J. Schneider (ed.), <title>La lettre gréco-latine, un genre littéraire?</title>, Lyon, 25-79</p>                
191                <lb/><p>Demetriou, D. (2012), <title>Negotiating Identity in the Ancient Mediterranean: The Archaic and Classical Greek Multiethnic Emporia</title>, Cambridge</p>
192                <lb/><p>De Hoz, J. (1999), ‘Los negocios del senor Heronoiyos. Un documento mercantil, jonio clasico temprano, del Sur de Francia’, in J.A. Lopez (ed.), <title>Desde los poemas homéricos hasta la prosa griega del siglo IV d.C. Veintiseis estudios filológicos</title>, Madrid, 61-90</p>
193                <lb/><p>Faraguna, M. (2002), ‘Scrittura, commercio e pratiche giuridiche. Recenti studi sull’’emporía’ greca’, <title>Dike</title> 5, 237-254</p>
194                <lb/><p>Harris, E.M. (2013), 'Were there Business Agents in Classical Greece? The Evidence of Some Lead Letters', in U. Yiftach-Firanko (ed.), <title>The Letter. Law, State, Society and the Epistolary Format in the Ancient World</title>. Proceedings of a Colloquium held at the American Academy in Rome 28–30.9.2008, Wiesbaden, 105-124</p> 
195                <lb/><p>Lejeune, M. (1991), ‘Ambiguïtés du text de Pech-Maho’, <title>REG</title> 104, 311-329</p>
196                <lb/><p>Lejeune, M. and J. Pouilloux (1988), ‘Une transaction commerciale ionienne au Ve s. av. J.C. à Pech-Maho’, <title>CRAI</title>, 526-536</p>
197                <lb/><p>Lejeune, M., J. Pouilloux and Y. Solier (1988), ‘Etrusque et ionien archaïques sur un plomb de Pech Maho (Aude)’, <title>RAN</title> 21, 19-59</p>                
198                <lb/><p>Lombardo, M. (2002), ‘Emporoi, Emporion, Emporitai: forme e dinamiche del commercio greco nella penisola iberica’, in G. Urso (ed.), Hispania terris omnibus felicior. <title>Premesse ed esiti di un processo di integrazione</title>. Atti del convegno internazionale (Cividale del Friuli, 27-29 settembre 2001), Pisa, 73-87</p>
199                <lb/><p>Pébarthe, C. and F. Delrieux (1999), ‘La transaction du plomb de Pech-Maho’, <title>ZPE</title> 126, 155-161</p>
200                <lb/><p>Pena, M.-J. (2014), 'Quelques réflexions sur les plombs inscrits d’Emporion et de Pech Maho. Pech Maho était-il un “comptoir du sel” ?', <title>REA</title> 116, 3-22</p>
201                <lb/><p>Pouilloux, J. (1990), ‘Un texte commercial ionien trouvé en Languedoc et la colonisation ionienne’, <title>Scienze dell’antichità</title> 2, 535-546</p>
202                <lb/><p>Rodríguez Somolinos, H. (1996), ‘The commercial transaction of the Pech-Maho lead’, <title>ZPE</title> 111, 74-78</p>
203                <lb/><p>Ruiz Darasse, C. (2016), 'Les plombs inscrits du Languedoc ibère 25 ans après', in A.-F. Baroni, G. Bernard, B. Le Teuff and C. Ruiz Darasse (eds.), <title>Échanger en Méditerranée: Acteurs, pratiques et normes dans les mondes anciens</title>, Rennes, 107-125</p>
204                <lb/><p>Santiago, R.A. (2003), ‘Las láminas de plomo de Ampurias y Pech Maho revisitadas’, <title>ZPE</title> 144, 170-172</p>
205                <lb/><p>Van Effenterre, H. and J. Vélissaropoulos (1991), ‘Une affaire d’affrètement. À propos du «plomb de Pech-Maho»’, <title>RHDF</title> 2, 217-226</p>                
206                <lb/><p>Vinogradov, Y. (1998), ‘The Greek Colonization of the Black Sea Region in the Light of Private Lead Letters’, in G.R. Tsetskhladze (ed.), <title>Greek Colonisation of the Black Sea Area. Historical Interpretation of Archaeology</title>, Stuttgart, 153-178</p>
207                <lb/><p>Wilson, J.P. (1997-1998), ‘The illiterate trader’, <title>BICS</title> 42, 29-53</p>
208                
209            </div>
210        </body>
211    </text>
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