1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2<?oxygen RNGSchema="http://www.stoa.org/epidoc/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" type="xml"?>
  3<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en">
  4    <teiHeader>
  5        <fileDesc>
  6            <titleStmt>
  7                <title>Olbia. Letter of Apatorios</title>
  8                <editor>Donatella Erdas</editor>
  9                <editor>Anna Magnetto</editor>
 10            </titleStmt>
 11            <publicationStmt>
 12                <authority>Laboratory of Computer Sciences for Ancient Languages, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa</authority>
 13                <idno type="filename">GEI018</idno>
 14                <availability><p>for internal use only</p></availability>
 15            </publicationStmt>
 16            <sourceDesc>
 17                <ab>Aimed for
 18                <bibl xml:id="ErdMagCS"><author>D. Erdas</author>, <author>A. Magnetto</author>, 
 19                    <title>Corpus delle iscrizioni economiche greche</title> in c.s.</bibl>;
 20                this version born digital</ab>
 21                <ab>
 22                    <msDesc>
 23                    <msIdentifier/>
 24                        <physDesc>
 25                            <objectDesc>
 26                                <supportDesc>
 27                                    <support>
 28                                        <p>rectangular <material>lead</material> <objectType>tablet</objectType> folded three times, broken at the left corner 
 29                                            (dimensions: 
 30                                            <dimensions>
 31                                                <width unit="cm">15.8</width>
 32                                                <height unit="cm">8.5</height>
 33                                            </dimensions>)</p>
 34                                    </support>
 35                                </supportDesc>
 36                                <layoutDesc>
 37                                    <layout>the text of the letter is quoted left to right in the interior face, while the address is engraved in the exterior face</layout>
 38                                </layoutDesc>
 39                            </objectDesc>
 40                            <handDesc>
 41                                <handNote>archaic ionic alphabet</handNote>
 42                            </handDesc>
 43                        </physDesc>
 44                        <history>
 45                            <origin>
 46                                <ab><origPlace><placeName>Olbia</placeName> (North shore of the Black Sea)</origPlace></ab>
 47                                <ab><origDate notBefore="-0525" notAfter="-0500" precision="low">late VI century BC</origDate></ab>
 48                            </origin>
 49                            <provenance>
 50                                <listEvent>
 51                                    <event type="found">
 52                                        <p><placeName>Olbia</placeName>, agora</p>
 53                                    </event>
 54                                    <event type="observed">
 55                                        <p>unknown (somewhere in Russia or Ukraina)</p>
 56                                    </event>
 57                                </listEvent>
 58                            </provenance>
 59                        </history>
 60                    </msDesc>
 61                </ab>
 62            </sourceDesc>
 63        </fileDesc>
 64        <encodingDesc>
 65            <p>Marked-up according to the EpiDoc Guidelines and Schema, version 8</p>
 66            <projectDesc>
 67                <p>Sample for a Corpus of Greek Economical Inscriptions</p>
 68            </projectDesc>
 69        </encodingDesc>
 70        <profileDesc>
 71            <langUsage>
 72                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek</language>
 73                <language ident="la">Latin</language>
 74                <language ident="grc-Latn">Transliterated Greek</language>
 75                <language ident="en">English</language>
 76                <language ident="it">Italian</language>
 77                <language ident="fr">French</language>
 78                <language ident="de">German</language>
 79            </langUsage>
 80            <textClass>
 81                <catRef target="GEIClassDecl.xml/#b.003 GEIClassDecl.xml/#a.019 GEIClassDecl.xml/#a.003 GEIClassDecl.xml/#a.045"/>
 82                <keywords scheme="subjects">
 83                    <term>goods</term>
 84                    <term>trade</term>
 85                    <term>merchants</term>
 86                </keywords>
 87                <keywords scheme="type">
 88                    <term>businessman's letter</term>
 89                </keywords>
 90                <keywords scheme="context">
 91                    <term>agora</term>
 92                </keywords>
 93            </textClass>
 94        </profileDesc>
 95    </teiHeader>
 96    <text>
 97        <body>
 98            <div type="bibliography" subtype="referenceEdition">
 99                <head>Reference edition</head>
100                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0131">Dana 2004</ref></bibl>
101            </div>
102            <div type="bibliography" subtype="editions">
103                <head>Other editions</head>
104                <bibl>Vinogradov 1981, 19;</bibl>
105                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0132">Santiago 2006</ref>;</bibl>
106                <bibl>Dana 2007, 75-76, no. 3;</bibl>
107                <bibl>Ceccarelli 2013, no. 5</bibl>
108            </div>
109            <div type="bibliography" subtype="illustrations">
110                <head>Photographs</head>
111                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0131">Dana 2004</ref>, 5 (facsimile);</bibl>
112                <bibl>Dana 2007, 75 (facsimile)</bibl>
113            </div>
114            <div type="bibliography" subtype="other">
115                <head>Translations</head>
116                <bibl>Wilson 1997/1998, 38-40 (English);</bibl>
117                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0131">Dana 2004, 6 (French);</ref></bibl>
118                <bibl>Dana 2007, 76 (French);</bibl>
119                <bibl>Ceccarelli 2013, no. 5 (English)</bibl>
120            </div>
121            <div type="bibliography" subtype="other">
122                <head>Bibliography</head>
123                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0133">Bravo 1977</ref>, 58, no. 62;</bibl>
124                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0008">Jeffery, Johnston, <title>LSAG</title></ref><edition>2</edition>, <biblScope unit="page">430, 479</biblScope> no. H, <biblScope unit="page">480</biblScope>;</bibl>
125                    <bibl>Vinogradov 1997, <biblScope unit="page">84</biblScope>, note 84;</bibl>
126                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0055">Wilson 1997/1998</ref>, <biblScope unit="page">38-40</biblScope>;</bibl>
127                    <bibl>Vinogradov 1999, <biblScope unit="page">140</biblScope>;</bibl>
128                    <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0022">Faraguna 2002</ref>, <biblScope unit="page">246 ff.</biblScope>;</bibl>
129                    <bibl>Gavriljuk 2003, <biblScope unit="page">80</biblScope>;</bibl>
130                    <bibl><author>L. Dubois</author>, <title>BE</title> 2005 366;</bibl>
131                    <bibl>Eidinow, Taylor 2010, no. E5;</bibl>
132                    <bibl>Ceccarelli 2013, 338</bibl>
133            </div>
134            <div type="edition" xml:lang="grc" xml:space="preserve">
135                <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="A (exterior of the tablet)">
136                    <ab>
137                        <lb n="1"/><persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0070"><name nymRef="Ἀπατούριος"><w lemma="Ἀπατούριος">Ἀπατόριος</w></name></persName>
138                        <lb n="2"/><persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0069"><name nymRef="Λεάναξ"><w lemma="Λεάναξ">Λεάνακτι</w></name></persName>
139                    </ab>
140                </div>
141                <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="B">
142                    <ab>
143                        <lb n="1"/><persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0069"><name nymRef="Λεάναξ"><w lemma="Λεάναξ">Λήνακτι</w></name></persName> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0070"><name nymRef="Ἀπατούριος"><w lemma="Ἀπατούριος">Ἀπατόριος</w></name></persName> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="ὁ">τὰ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="χρήματα">χρήματα</w></rs> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="συλάω">σισύλημαι</w></rs> <w lemma="ὑπό">ὐπ’</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0071"><name nymRef="Ἡρακλείδης"><w lemma="Ἡρακλείδης">Ἡρακ
144                        <lb break="no" n="2"/>λείδεω</w></name> <w lemma="ὁ">το͂</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0072"><name nymRef="Εὐθήριος"><w lemma="Εὐθήριος">Ε<supplied reason="lost">ὀ</supplied>θήριος</w></name></persName></persName> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="κατά">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="δύναμις">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τὴν</w> <w lemma="σός">σὴν</w> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="μή">μὴ</w> <w lemma="ἀπόλλυμι">ἀπολέ
145                        <lb break="no" n="3"/>σω</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τὰ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="χρήματα">χρήματα</w></rs> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="ὁ">τὰ</w> <w lemma="γάρ">γὰρ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="χρήματα">χ<unclear>ρ</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ήμ</supplied>ατα</w></rs> <w lemma="σός">σὰ</w> <w lemma="φημί">ἐφάμην</w> <w lemma="εἰμί">ἐ͂ναι</w> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0073"><name nymRef="Μένων"><w lemma="Μένων">Μένω
146                        <lb break="no" n="4"/>ν</w></name></persName> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="φημί">ἔφατό</w> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="σύ">σε</w> <w lemma="ἐπιτίθημι">ἐπ<supplied reason="lost">ι</supplied>θε͂ναι</w> <w lemma="ἑαυτοῦ">ἐω<unclear>υτῶ</unclear>ι</w> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τ</w><w lemma="ἄλλος"><supplied reason="lost">ἄ</supplied><supplied reason="omitted">λ</supplied>λα</w> <w lemma="ὅσος">ὄσα</w> <w lemma="σύ">σὺ</w> <w lemma="αὐτός">αὐτῶι</w> <w lemma="ἐπιτίθημι">ἐπέ
147                        <lb break="no" n="5"/>θηκας</w> <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w> <w lemma="πρός">π<supplied reason="lost">ρὸ</supplied>ς</w> <w lemma="φημί">ἔφατ<unclear>ο</unclear></w> <w lemma="σύ"><surplus>σ’</surplus></w> <w lemma="ἐγώ">ἐμοὶ</w> <w lemma="σός">σὰ</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τὰ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="χρήματα">χρήματα</w></rs> <w lemma="ἔνειμι">ἐνῆν</w> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="ἐάν">ἰὰν</w> <w lemma="ἐπιτίθημι">ἐπιθε
148                        <lb break="no" n="6"/>ίης</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="διφθέριον">διφθέρια</w></rs> <w lemma="πρός">π<supplied reason="lost">ρὸς</supplied></w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0071"><name nymRef="Ἡρακλείδης"><w lemma="Ἡρακλείδης">Ἡρακλείδην</w></name></persName> <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0074"><name nymRef="Θαθαίη"><w lemma="Θαθαίη">Θαθαίην</w></name></persName> <g type="tripunct"/> <w lemma="ὁ">τὰ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="χρήματα">χρήματα</w></rs> <w lemma="σύ">σ
149                        <lb break="no" n="7"/>έ<unclear>ο</unclear></w> <orig><unclear>υσ</unclear></orig> <w lemma="ὁπόσος">ὀπό<supplied reason="lost">σο̄</supplied></w>, <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀποδίδωμι"><supplied reason="lost">ἀποδ</supplied><unclear>ό</unclear>σε̄</w></rs>· <w lemma="ἐκεῖνος">κε͂νοι</w> <w lemma="γάρ">γάρ</w> <w lemma="φημί">φασιν</w> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="ὅστις">ὄ τι</w> <w lemma="σός">σὸν</w> <w lemma="ἔχω">ἔχοσιν</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀποδίδωμι">ἀποδώ
150                        <lb break="no" n="8"/><supplied reason="lost">σεν</supplied></w></rs> <w lemma="ὁ">τὸ</w> <g type="dipunct"/> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="συλάω">συλη<supplied reason="lost">θὲν</supplied></w></rs> <w lemma="ὅλος"><supplied reason="lost">ὄλ</supplied>ον</w> <measure type="currency" unit="stater" quantity="27"><num value="27"><w lemma="ἑπτά">ἐπτὰ</w> <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w> <w lemma="εἴκοσι">εἴκοσιν</w></num> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="στατήρ">στατῆρες</w></rs></measure>· <space/>
151                        <lb n="9"/><w lemma="τίς"><supplied reason="lost" cert="low">τί</supplied></w> <w lemma="ἐθέλω"><supplied reason="lost">θε</supplied>λήσες</w>; <w lemma="περί">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τῶν</w> <w lemma="οἰκέτης">οἰκιητέων</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0075"><name nymRef="Θυμώλεως"><w lemma="Θυμώλεως">Θυμώλεω</w></name></persName>
152                        <lb n="10"/><gap reason="lost" atLeast="10" atMost="11" unit="character" precision="low"/> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0076"><name nymRef="Εὐθύμιος"><w lemma="Εὐθύμιος"><supplied reason="lost" cert="low">Εὀ</supplied>θυμίωι</w></name></persName> <g type="dipunct"/> <w lemma="αὐτός">αὐτῶι</w> <w lemma="ἐγώ">μοι</w> <w lemma="οὐ">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="οἶδα">οἶδα</w> <w lemma="ἤν">ἢν</w> <surplus>Ε</surplus> <w lemma="γίγνομαι">γένηται</w> <w lemma="εὖ">εὀ͂</w>
153                        <space unit="line" quantity="1"/>
154                    </ab>
155                </div>
156            </div>
157            <div type="commentary" xml:lang="en" xml:space="preserve">
158                <lb/>
159                <lb/>
160                <lb/><p>Bravo, B. (1977), ‘Remarques sur les assises sociales, les formes d’organisation et la terminologie du commerce maritime à l’époque archaïque’, <title>DHA</title> 3, 1-59</p>
161                <lb/><p>Ceccarelli, P. (2013), <title>Ancient Greek Letter Writing. A Cultural History (600 BC–150 BC)</title>, Oxford</p>
162                <lb/><p>Dana, M. (2004), ‘Lettre sur plomb d’Apatorios à Léanax. Un document archaïque d’Olbia du Pont’, <title>ZPE</title> 148, 1-14</p>
163                <lb/><p>Dana, M. (2007), ‘Lettres grecques dialectales nord-pontiques (sauf <title>IGDOP</title> 23-26)’, <title>REA</title> 109, 67-97</p>
164                <lb/><p>Eidinow, E. and C. Taylor (2010), ‘Lead-Letter Days: Writing, Communication and Crisis in the Ancient Greek World’, <title>CQ</title> 60, 30-62</p>
165                <lb/><p>Faraguna, M. (2002), ‘Scrittura, commercio e pratiche giuridiche. Recenti studi sull’’emporía’ greca’, <title>Dike</title> 5, 237-254</p>
166                <lb/><p>Gavriljuk, N.A. (2003), ‘The Graeco-Scythian Slave-Trade in the 6th and 5th Centuries BC’, in P. Guldager Bilde, V.F. Stolba, J. Munk Højte (eds.), <title>The Cauldron of Ariantas. Studies Presented to A.N. Sceglov on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday</title>, Aarhus, 75-85</p>
167                <lb/><p>Santiago, R.A. and M. Gardeñes (2006), ‘Algunas observaciones a la ‘Lettre d’Apatorios à Léanax’’, <title>ZPE</title> 157, 57-69</p>
168                <lb/><p>Vinogradov, J.G. (1981), <title>Olbia: Geschichte einer altgriechischen Stadt am Schwarzen Meer</title>, Konstanz</p>
169                <lb/><p>Vinogradov, J.G. (1997), <title>Pontische Studien</title>, Mainz</p>
170                <lb/><p>Vinogradov, J.G. (1999), ‘Archaische und frühklassische Epigraphik im nördlichen Pontosraum’, in <title>XI Congresso Internazionale di Epigrafia Greca e Latina</title> (Roma 18-24 settembre 1997). Atti, I, Roma, 135-146</p>
171                <lb/><p>Wilson, J.P. (1997-1998), ‘The illiterate trader’, <title>BICS</title> 42, 29-53</p>
172                
173            </div>
174        </body>
175    </text>
176</TEI>