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  7                <title>Olymos. Decree on purchase of land</title>
  8                <editor>Donatella Erdas</editor>
  9                <editor>Anna Magnetto</editor>
 10                <editor>Marco Santini</editor>
 11            </titleStmt>
 12            <publicationStmt>
 13                <authority>Laboratory of Computer Sciences for Ancient Languages, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa</authority>
 14                <idno type="filename">GEI030</idno>
 15                <availability><p>for internal use only</p></availability>
 16            </publicationStmt>
 17            <sourceDesc>
 18                <ab>Aimed for
 19                <bibl xml:id="ErdMagCS"><author>D. Erdas</author>, <author>A. Magnetto</author>, 
 20                    <title>Corpus delle iscrizioni economiche greche</title> in c.s.</bibl>;
 21                this version born digital</ab>
 22                <ab>
 23                    <msDesc>
 24                    <msIdentifier/>
 25                      
 26                        <physDesc>
 27                            <objectDesc>
 28                                <supportDesc>
 29                                    <support>
 30                                        <p>
 31                                            <objectType>block</objectType> of <material>stone</material>, re-employed as a step of a staircase at Olymos; dimensions: <dimensions ></dimensions>unknown. The squeeze shows damage to the top, the bottom and the right sides of the engraving surface
 32                                        </p>
 33                                    </support>
 34                                </supportDesc>
 35                                <layoutDesc>
 36                                    <layout>engraved on the horizontal face of the step, while <title>I.Mylasa</title> 869 was engraved on its vertical face</layout>
 37                                </layoutDesc>
 38                            </objectDesc>
 39                            <handDesc>
 40                                <handNote>Letters<height unit="metre" quantity="0.01">0.01</height>; no peculiarities; Hellenistic koine</handNote>
 41                            </handDesc>
 42                        </physDesc>
 43                        
 44                        <history>
 45                            <origin>
 46                                <ab><origPlace><placeName>Olymos</placeName></origPlace>, exact location unknown. Possibly corner block of a wall</ab>
 47                                <ab><origDate notBefore="-0300" notAfter="-0200" precision="low" cert="low" evidence="lettering">Second century BC</origDate></ab>
 48                            </origin>
 49                            <provenance>
 50                                <listEvent>
 51                                    <event type="found">
 52                                        <p><placeName>Olymos</placeName>; the block was discovered by J. Paris and R. Vallois in <date type="found" when="1913">1913</date> at the latest, re-employed as a step of a staircase</p>
 53                                    </event>
 54                                    <event type="observed">
 55                                        <p>unknown. Probably lost.</p>
 56                                    </event>
 57                                </listEvent>
 58                            </provenance>
 59                        </history>
 60                        
 61                    </msDesc>
 62                </ab>
 63            </sourceDesc>
 64        </fileDesc>
 65        <encodingDesc>
 66            <p>Marked-up according to the EpiDoc Guidelines and Schema, version 8</p>
 67            <projectDesc>
 68                <p>Sample for a Corpus of Greek Economical Inscriptions</p>
 69            </projectDesc>
 70        </encodingDesc>
 71        <profileDesc>
 72            <langUsage>
 73                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek</language>
 74                <language ident="la">Latin</language>
 75                <language ident="grc-Latn">Transliterated Greek</language>
 76                <language ident="en">English</language>
 77                <language ident="it">Italian</language>
 78                <language ident="fr">French</language>
 79                <language ident="de">German</language>
 80            </langUsage>
 81            <textClass>
 82                
 83                <keywords scheme="subject">
 84                    <term>tamiai</term>
 85                    <term>ktematonai</term>
 86                    <term>production</term>
 87                    <term>sacred land</term>
 88                    <term>purchase of land</term>
 89                    <term>loan</term>
 90                    <term>refund</term>
 91                    <term>lease</term>
 92                    <term>lease of land</term>
 93                    <term>banker</term>
 94                    <term>contract</term>
 95                    <term>interests</term>
 96                </keywords>
 97                <keywords scheme="type">
 98                    <term>decree</term>
 99                </keywords>
100                <keywords scheme="context">
101                    <term>reuse</term>
102                    <term>step</term>
103                    <term>wall?</term>
104                    <term>sanctuary?</term>
105                </keywords>
106                
107            </textClass>
108        </profileDesc>
109    </teiHeader>
110    <text>
111        <body>
112            
113            <div type="bibliography" subtype="referenceEdition">
114                <head>Reference edition</head>
115                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2001">W. Blümel, <title>I.Mylasa</title></ref> 864</bibl>
116            </div>
117            
118            <div type="bibliography" subtype="editions">
119                <head>Other editions</head>
120                <bibl>ed. pr. <ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2002">Persson 1922, 420-426, no.
121                    24</ref>;</bibl>
122                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2003">Wilhelm 1924, 142-146 no. 12, 151 [= Id. 1974,
123                        186-190, 193] (Persson’s text with emendations in the
124                    commentary)</ref>;</bibl>
125                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0041"><title level="j">SEG</title> 2 565 (with
126                        Crönert’s notes)</ref>;</bibl>
127                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0002">H.W. Pleket, <title level="m">Epigraphica</title>
128                        33</ref>;</bibl>
129                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2004">L. Migeotte, <title level="m">Emprunt</title>
130                        105</ref>;</bibl>
131                <?oxy_custom_start type="oxy_content_highlight" color="255,255,0"?>
132                <bibl>D. McCabe, <title level="m">Olymos</title> 10 (Blümel’s
133                text)</bibl><?oxy_custom_end?>
134            </div>
135            
136            <div type="bibliography" subtype="illustrations">
137                <head>Photographs</head>
138                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2002">Persson 1922, 420-426, no. 24 (squeeze of J. Paris and R. Vallois)</ref></bibl>
139            </div>
140            
141            <div type="bibliography" subtype="translations">
142                <head>Translations</head>
143                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2002">Persson 1922, 420-426, no. 24 (French)</ref>;</bibl>
144                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2004">Migeotte, <title level="m">Emprunt</title></ref> 105 (French)</bibl>
145            </div>
146            
147            <div type="bibliography" subtype="other">
148                <head>Bibliography</head>
149                <bibl>apart from the notes of the editors, the inscription lacks specific studies. The following works concern a group of epigraphical documents from Mylasa and its neighbourhood in which the inscription under consideration must be included for a thorough comprehension.</bibl>
150                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl0088">R. Dareste, B. Haussoullier, T. Reinach, <title level="m">RIJG</title></ref> I, 242-249, 272-274;</bibl>
151                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2005">Partsch 1909</ref>, 364-370 [<foreign xml:lang="la">non vidi</foreign>];</bibl>
152                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2006">Plassart, Haussoullier 1923, 547</ref>;</bibl>
153                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2007">Pappadakis 1923,</ref> 238 [<foreign xml:lang="la">non vidi</foreign>];</bibl>
154                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2008">Ruge 1937, 2510-2519;</ref></bibl>
155                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2009">Laumonier 1940, 201-213;</ref></bibl>
156                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2010">Robert 1945</ref>, 23-31, 69-93;</bibl> 
157                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2011">Laumonier 1958</ref>, 141-160;</bibl>
158                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2012">Bogaert 1968</ref>, 131-137, 268-270;</bibl>
159                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2013">Behrend 1973</ref>, 145-168;</bibl>
160                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2014">Korver 1979</ref>, 142-143;</bibl>
161                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2015">Debord 1982</ref>, 153-161;</bibl>    
162                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2001">Blümel, in <title level="m">I.Mylasa</title></ref> I, 74-76;</bibl>
163                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2016">Merkelbach 1994, 301-306;</ref></bibl>
164                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2017">Chandezon 1998, 33-56;</ref></bibl>
165                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2018">Dignas 2000, 117-126</ref>;</bibl>
166                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2019">Dignas 2002</ref>, 95-106;</bibl>
167                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2020">Chandezon 2003</ref>, 240-248 no. 60 A-D;</bibl>
168                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2021">Chankowski 2005, 69-93;</ref></bibl>
169                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2022">Ashton, Reger 2006, 125-150;</ref></bibl>
170                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2023">Descat, Pernin 2008, 285-314</ref></bibl> <bibl>(but see P. Hamon, <ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl1999"><title level="j">BE</title></ref> 2009 458)</bibl>
171                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2024">Migeotte 2014</ref>, 156-163;</bibl>
172                <bibl><ref target="GEIBibl/#bibl2025">Pernin 2014</ref>, 296-445 esp. 426</bibl>
173            </div>
174            
175            <div type="edition" xml:lang="grc" xml:space="preserve">
176                <ab>
177                    <lb n="1"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><w part="Y"><orig><unclear>ΟΥ</unclear></orig></w><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><w part="Y"><orig>ΚΑ<unclear>Τ</unclear></orig></w><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0200"><name nymRef="Λέων"><w lemma="Λέων">Λέον<supplied reason="lost">τος</supplied></w><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/></name></persName>
178                    <lb n="2"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><w part="F">ίωνος</w> <w lemma="κατά">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="δέ">δὲ</w> <w lemma="υἱοθεσία">υἱοθεσίαν</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0201"><name nymRef="Οὐλιάδης"><w lemma="Οὐλιάδης">Ο<supplied reason="lost">ὐ</supplied><lb n="3" break="no"/>λι<supplied reason="omitted">ά</supplied>δου</w></name>
179                    <w lemma="ὁ">τοῦ</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0202"><name nymRef="Πόλλις"><w lemma="Πόλλις">Πόλλιος</w></name> <w lemma="ὁ">τοῦ</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0203"><name nymRef="Πρωτέας"></name><w lemma="Πρωτέας">Πρ<unclear>ωτ</unclear><supplied reason="lost">έ</supplied><lb n="4" break="no"/>ου</w></persName></persName></persName>
180                    <w lemma="ἐπαγγέλλω">ἐπήγγελται</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="δανείζω">δανείσειν</w></rs>
181                    <lb n="5"/><w lemma="ὁ">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="αἱρέω">εἱρημένοις</w> <w lemma="ἀνήρ">ἀνδράσιν</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="δραχμή"><supplied reason="lost">δρα</supplied><lb n="6" break="no"/>χμὰς</w></rs>
182                    <measure quantity="7000" type="currency" unit="drachma" ><w lemma="ἑπτακισχίλιοι">ἑπτακισχιλίας</w></measure> <w lemma="εἰς">εἰς</w> <w lemma="μήν">μῆ<supplied reason="lost">νας</supplied></w>
183                    <lb n="7"/><measure quantity="12" type="time" unit="month"><w lemma="δεκαδύο">δεκαδύο</w></measure>, <rs type="economic"><w lemma="τόκος">τόκου</w></rs> <w lemma="ὁ">τὴν</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="μνᾶ">μνᾶν</w></rs> <w lemma="ἕκαστος">ἑκ<supplied reason="lost">άσ</supplied><lb n="8" break="no"/>την</w>
184                    <w lemma="ὁ">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="μήν">μηνὸς</w> <w lemma="ἕκαστος">ἑκάστου</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ὀβολός">ὀβολ<supplied reason="lost">ῶν</supplied></w></rs>
185                    <lb n="9"/><measure quantity="6" type="currency" unit="obolos"><w lemma="ἕξ">ἕξ</w></measure>, <w lemma="ὁ">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="αἱρέω">εἱρημένους</w> <w lemma="ἀνήρ">ἄνδ<supplied reason="lost">ρας</supplied></w>
186                    <lb n="10"/><w lemma="γράφω">γράψασθαι</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0204"><name nymRef="Οὐλιάδης"><w lemma="Οὐλιάδης">Οὐλιάδῃ</w></name></persName> <w lemma="ὁ">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τοῦ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="δάνειον"><supplied reason="lost">δα</supplied><lb n="11" break="no"/>νείου</w></rs>
187                    <rs type="economic"><w lemma="συγγραφή">συνγραφήν</w></rs>· <w lemma="ὁ">τὸ</w> <w lemma="δέ">δὲ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀργύριον">ἀργύ<supplied reason="lost">ρι</supplied><lb n="12" break="no"/>ον</w></rs>
188                    <w lemma="λαμβάνω">λαβόντας</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τοὺς</w> <rs type="ecoonomic"><w lemma="κτηματώνης">κτηματ<supplied reason="lost">ώ</supplied><lb n="13" break="no"/>νας</w></rs>
189                    <w lemma="διορθόω">διορθώσασθαι</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0205"><name nymRef="Οὐλιάδης"><w lemma="Οὐλιάδης">Οὐλιάδῃ</w></name> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0206"><name nymRef="Ἑκατόμνως"><w lemma="Ἑκατόμνως">Ἑ<supplied reason="lost">κα</supplied><lb n="14" break="no"/>τόμνω</w></name>
190                    <w lemma="ὁ">τοῦ</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0207"><name nymRef="Κόρρις"><w lemma="Κόρρις">Κόρριος</w></name></persName></persName></persName> <w lemma="εἰς">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τὴν</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="τιμή">τι<supplied reason="lost">μὴν</supplied></w></rs>
191                    <lb n="15"/><w lemma="ὁ">τῶν</w> <w lemma="προγράφω">προγεγραμμένων</w> <w lemma="ἔγγαιος">ἐγγα<supplied reason="lost">ίων</supplied></w>·
192                    <lb n="16"/><rs type="economic"><w lemma="πόρος">πόρον</w></rs> <w lemma="δέ">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ὑπάρχω">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="εἰς">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τὴν</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀπόδοσις"><supplied reason="lost">ἀπό</supplied><lb n="17" break="no"/>δοσιν</w></rs>
193                    <w lemma="ὁ">τοῦ</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="δάνειον">δανείου</w></rs> <w lemma="ὁ">τὸ</w> <w lemma="εἰμί">ἐ<supplied reason="lost">σ</supplied>όμε<supplied reason="lost">νον</supplied></w>
194                    <lb n="18"/><w lemma="ἐκ">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τῆς</w> <w lemma="πρῶτος">πρώτης</w> <w lemma="εἰμί">ἐσομένης</w> <w lemma="ἐπί">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τ<supplied reason="lost">οῦ</supplied></w>
195                    <lb n="19"/><w lemma="μετά">μετὰ</w> <persName type="private" ref="GEIListPers/#pvt0208"><name nymRef="Ὑβρέας"><w lemma="Ὑβρέας">Ὑβρέαν</w></name></persName> <w lemma="στεφανηφόρος">στεφανηφόρου</w> <w lemma="ὁμοίως">ὁ<supplied reason="lost">μοί<lb n="20" break="no"/>ω</supplied>ς</w>
196                    <w lemma="δέ">δὲ</w> <w lemma="καί">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ἐκ">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="ἔπειμι(εἶμι)">ἐπιόντος</w> <w lemma="χρόνος">χρό<supplied reason="lost">νου</supplied></w>
197                    <lb n="21"/><w lemma="ἕως"><supplied reason="lost">ἕ</supplied>ως</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀποδίδωμι">ἀποδοθῆναι</w></rs> <w lemma="ὁ">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τὸ</w> <w lemma="προγράφω">προγε<supplied reason="lost">γραμ</supplied><lb n="22" break="no"/>μένον</w>
198                    <rs type="economic"><w lemma="δάνειον">δάνειον</w></rs> <w lemma="σύν">σὺν</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="τόκος">τόκωι</w></rs> <w lemma="σύν">σὺν</w>, <w lemma="άνταναιρέω">ἀν<supplied reason="lost">τα</supplied><lb n="23" break="no"/>ναιρουμένης</w>
199                    <rs type="economic"><w lemma="δαπάνη">δαπάνης</w></rs> <w lemma="κατά">καθ’</w> <w lemma="ἕκαστος">ἕ<supplied reason="lost">κασ</supplied><lb n="24" break="no"/>τον</w>
200                    <w lemma="ἔτος">ἔτος</w> <w lemma="εἰς">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τὰς</w> <w lemma="θυσία">θυσίας</w> <w lemma="μή">μὴ</w> <w lemma="πολύς">πλ<supplied reason="lost">είο</supplied><lb n="25" break="no"/>νος</w>
201                    <rs type="economic"><w lemma="δραχμή">δραχμῶν</w></rs> <measure quantity="300" type="currency" unit="drachma" ><w lemma="τριακόσιοι">τριακοσίων</w></measure>· <w lemma="ὁ"><supplied reason="lost">τὸ</supplied></w> <w lemma="δέ"><supplied reason="lost">δὲ</supplied></w> <w lemma="λοιπός"><supplied reason="lost">λοι</supplied><lb n="26" break="no"/>πὸν</w>
202                    <w lemma="διορθόω">διορθούσθωσαν</w> <w lemma="ὁ">ο<supplied reason="lost">ἱ</supplied></w> <w lemma="ἀεί"><supplied reason="lost">ἀεὶ</supplied></w> <w lemma="καθίστημι"><supplied reason="lost">καθιστά</supplied><lb n="27" break="no"/>μενοι</w>
203                    <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ταμίας">ταμίαι</w></rs> <w lemma="ὁ">τοῖ<supplied reason="lost">ς</supplied></w> <w lemma="προγράφω"><supplied reason="lost">προγεγραμ</supplied><lb n="28" break="no"/>μένοις</w>
204                    <w lemma="ἀνήρ">ἀνδράσιν</w> <w lemma="ἕως"><supplied reason="lost">ἕως</supplied></w> <w lemma="ὁ"><supplied reason="lost">τοῦ</supplied></w> <w><supplied reason="lost">ἐξελ</supplied><lb n="29" break="no"/>θεῖν</w>
205                    <w lemma="ὁ">τὸν</w> <w lemma="χρόνος">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="ὁ">τῆς</w> <rs type="economic"><w lemma="ἀπόδοσις"><supplied reason="lost">ἀπόδόσεως</supplied></w></rs> <date><w lemma="ἐν"><supplied reason="lost">ἐμ</supplied></w>
206                    <lb n="30"/> <w lemma="μήν">μηνὶ</w> <w lemma="Πάνημος">Πανέμωι</w></date> <w part="I"><orig>Μ</orig></w><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
207                    <lb n="31" break="no"/><w part="F">νου</w> <w part="I">ἀπο</w><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> <w lemma="σύν"><supplied reason="lost">σὺν</supplied></w>
208                    <lb n="32"/><rs type="economic"><w lemma="τόκος">τόκῳ</w></rs> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
209                </ab>
210            </div>
211            
212            <div type="apparatus" xml:lang="la">
213                <head>Apparatus criticus</head>
214                <p>
215                    ll. 1-2: <foreign xml:lang="grc"><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> Λέον<supplied reason="lost">τος</supplied> <supplied reason="lost">Θαργη|λ</supplied>ίωνος</foreign> Persson, sed spatium deest : <foreign xml:lang="grc"><supplied reason="lost">τ</supplied>οῦ Ἑκατ<supplied reason="lost" cert="low">όμνω</supplied> <supplied reason="lost">τ</supplied>οῦ Λέον<supplied reason="lost">τος</supplied><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>|<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>ίωνος</foreign> <bibl><title level="j">SEG</title> 2 565</bibl> : <foreign xml:lang="grc"><supplied reason="lost">τοῦ</supplied> | <supplied reason="lost">Δ</supplied>ίωνος</foreign> Crönert apud <bibl><title level="j">SEG</title> 2 565</bibl> : <foreign xml:lang="grc"><supplied reason="lost">ἐπειδὴ</supplied> <supplied reason="lost">Οὐλιάδης</supplied> | <supplied reason="lost">τ</supplied>οῦ Ἑκατ<supplied reason="lost" cert="low">όμνω</supplied> <supplied reason="lost">τ</supplied>οῦ Λέον<supplied reason="lost">τος</supplied> <gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character"/>|<gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>ίωνος</foreign> Pleket : <foreign xml:lang="grc"><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><orig>ΚΛ</orig> <supplied reason="lost">Οὐλιάδης</supplied> Λέον<supplied reason="lost">τος</supplied> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>|<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>ίωνος</foreign> Migeotte : <foreign xml:lang="grc"><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><orig>ΟΥ</orig><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><orig>ΚΑΤ</orig><gap reason="lost" quantity="7" unit="character" precision="low"/><orig>Λ</orig><gap reason="lost" quantity="7" unit="character" precision="low"/></foreign> Blümel in apparatu ex imagine apud <bibl><title level="j">BCH</title> 46, 1922, 421</bibl>.
216                    l. 3: <foreign xml:lang="grc"><orig>ΛΙΔΟΥ</orig></foreign> lapis; <foreign xml:lang="grc">Πόλλεος</foreign> <bibl><title level="j">SEG</title> 2 565</bibl>, Pleket, Migeotte; <foreign xml:lang="grc">Π<supplied reason="lost">ρωτέ</supplied>|ου</foreign> Perrson : <foreign xml:lang="grc">Π<supplied reason="lost">λωτέ</supplied>|ου</foreign> Migeotte : <foreign xml:lang="grc">Π<unclear reason="damage">ρωτ</unclear><supplied reason="lost">έ</supplied>|ου</foreign> Blümel ex imagine apud <bibl><title level="j">BCH</title> 46, 1922, 421</bibl>.
217                    l. 4: <foreign xml:lang="grc">δανείσειν <supplied reason="lost">σύν</supplied></foreign> Perrson, sed restitutio inutilis est.
218                    l. 6: rest. Plassart : <foreign xml:lang="grc">εἰς μὴ <supplied reason="lost" cert="low">πλέον</supplied></foreign> Perrson.
219                    l. 9: <foreign xml:lang="grc">ε<supplied reason="subaudible">ἰ</supplied>ς</foreign> Perrson, sed <foreign xml:lang="grc">ἕξ</foreign> ex imagine.
220                    ll. 10, 13: <foreign xml:lang="grc">Οὐλιάδη</foreign> Perrson : corr. Plassart.
221                    l. 18: <foreign xml:lang="grc">ἐκ τῆς πρώτης ἐσομένης <supplied reason="omitted">προσόδου</supplied></foreign> mente supplendum esse putat Wilhelm, <supplied reason="omitted">καταβολῆς</supplied> Crönert apud <bibl><title level="j">SEG</title> 2 565</bibl>.
222                    ll. 26-27: <foreign xml:lang="grc"><supplied reason="lost">καθιστά</supplied>|μενοι</foreign> Perrson, Blümel, qui probat collatis <bibl><title level="m">I.Mylasa</title> 801, l. 11 et 827, l. 9</bibl> : <foreign xml:lang="grc"><supplied reason="lost">καθεστα</supplied>|μένοι</foreign> <bibl><title level="j">SEG</title> 2 565</bibl>, Pleket, Migeotte.
223                    ll. 27-28: <foreign xml:lang="grc"><supplied reason="lost">προγεγραμ</supplied>|μένοις</foreign> spatii causa rest. Perrson.
224                    ll. 28-29: rest. Wilhelm, <foreign xml:lang="grc">ἕως τοῦ</foreign> Haussoullier auctore.
225                    ll. 31-32: <foreign xml:lang="grc"><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> <supplied reason="lost">σὺν</supplied> | τόκῳ</foreign> rest. Blümel.
226                </p>    
227            </div>
228            
229            <div type="translation" xml:lang="en" xml:space="preserve">
230                <head>Translation</head>
231                <lb/><p><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> <supplied reason="subaudible">since Ouliades</supplied> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> son of Leon son of <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>ion, by adoption son of Ouliades son of Pollis son of Proteas, has promised to lend the appointed men 7,000 drachmas for twelve months, with an interest of 6 obols per mine per month, <supplied reason="subaudible">it was resolved by the <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">demos</foreign> of Olymos that</supplied> the appointed men shall draw up the loan contract for Ouliades.</p> 
232                <lb/><p>The <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">ktematonai</foreign>, after taking the money, shall pay Ouliades son of Hekatomnos son of Korris according to the price of the aforementioned plots of land.</p>
233                <lb/><p>The income for the repayment of the loan shall be that derived from the first coming revenue under the <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">stephanephoros</foreign> after Hybreas; in the same way also starting from the following time up to the <supplied reason="subaudible">full</supplied> repayment of the aforementioned loan with interest, deducting the expense for sacrifices each year, no more than 300 drachmas.</p>
234                <lb/><p>The treasurers <supplied reason="lost">each time</supplied> in charge shall pay the rest to the <supplied reason="lost">aforemention</supplied>ed men <supplied reason="lost">until the ex</supplied>piry of the time of the <supplied reason="lost">repayment in</supplied> month Panemos <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/></p>
235            </div>
236            
237            <div type="commentary" xml:lang="en" xml:space="preserve">
238                <head>Commentary</head>
239                <lb/><p>For its full understanding, the text should be placed in a broader context, consisting of a group of inscriptions from Mylasa and its subject communities, such as Sinuri, Hydai, and Olymos itself, dated to the 2nd-early 1st cent. BC (see bibliography and esp. Pernin 2014, 405ff., on dating criteria and hypotheses). These documents testify to the purchase of private land by civic institutions or subdivisions of the community (<foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">demos</foreign>, tribes, <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">syggeneiai</foreign>) on behalf of their respective tutelary deities. The purchase is usually followed by the lease of the land, often perpetual (<foreign xml:lang="grc">εἰς πατρικά</foreign>) and in favor of the previous owner of the plot – a typical feature for Mylasa and surroundings (see e.g. <title>I.Mylasa</title> 207, 212, 205-206, 811-813; Robert 1945, 46). For a brief survey of the juridical phases of the procedure and the relevant kinds of documents (namely <foreign xml:lang="grc">ψήφισμα, ὠνή, ἔμβασις, μίσθωσις, διεγγύησις, παραχώρησις, ἀναμίσθωσις</foreign>) see Blümel in <title>I.Mylasa</title> I, 74-76; further details in Pernin 2014, 422ff.</p>
240                <lb/><p>It must be noticed that the land purchased and subsequently leased by the civic institutions on behalf of the god becomes sacred, and therefore property of the god. For example in Robert 1945, 46 the land seller becomes lessee of the same plot for a period of 10 years, after which he can decide whether to become a perpetual lessee of the god or to return the sale price to the <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">syggeneia</foreign> in order to redeem the land. In the latter case, however, he is still forced to pay the deity a symbolic dracma, which testifies to the sacred quality of the land's property. Through the leasing of land, the sanctuary obtains economic sources in order to perform sacrifices and run the ordinary religious life (see Migeotte, <title>Emprunt</title>, 328; Descat, Pernin 2008, 307-308; Dignas 2000, 118ff.; cf. Harpocr. <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">s.v.</foreign> <foreign xml:lang="grc">ἀπὸ μισθωμάτων</foreign>). Nevertheless, the fact that the whole procedure is performed by civic institutions through public decrees shows that sacred and profane shared mutual interests (see Dignas 2000, 125-126). Moreover, the practice is advantageous both for the city/sanctuary and for the seller/lessee: the former is thus assured of a regular income (the annual rent) with a low-risk investment, while the latter (the same being true even if seller and lessee are different individuals) takes profit both from the sale and from the subsequent, perpetual exploitation of the land, retaken on lease at a fairly low rent (<title>I.Mylasa</title> 212 attests an annual rent of 4 % ca. of the sale price; see Chankowski 2005, 82-83). See Pernin 2014, 444-445, for an overview of the various hypotheses that may account for reasons and aims of these kinds of purchases and leases.</p>
241                <lb/><p>The specific situation implied in the decree may be described as follows. The sanctuary of Olymos has temporarily run out of money in order to purchase land. It therefore turns to an individual named Ouliades (I), as can be inferred by line 10, from whom it obtains a short-period loan (12 months) of 7,000 drachmas, with monthly interest of 6 obols per mine, i.e. 12% per year. However, it is not the sanctuary itself (through the civic institutions) that formally receives the loan, but certain <foreign xml:lang="grc">εἱρημένοι ἄνδρες</foreign>, «appointed men/citizens». Their designation and their assignment to negotiate the loan with Ouliades (I) was likely mentioned in the lost section of the decree, as well as the verification of the lack of funds by the <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">demos</foreign>/sanctuary (see Migeotte, <title>Emprunt</title>, 329). The «appointed men» have to draw up the loan contract (<foreign xml:lang="grc">συγγραφή</foreign>, l. 11) with Ouliades (I) and to give the money to the <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">ktematonai</foreign>, the officials appointed to the purchase. These <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">ktematonai</foreign> must eventually pay the seller of the land, a certain Ouliades (II) son of Hekatomnos son of Korris, probably a member of a very powerful family of priests of Zeus Labraundos (however, note that the prosopographical problems relevant to this document, which also involve significant dating issues, are very complex and cannot be discussed here: see the commentaries). Since the loan is a short-period one (12 months), the lender Ouliades (I) must be refunded within one year, but the repayment procedure established by the decree (ll. 16-25) runs for a longer and different period, namely:</p>
242                            <lb/><p>     1. The first funds for repayment would consist of the first income of the rent under the eponymous magistrate (<foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">stephanephoros</foreign>) following Hybreas – the one in charge –, i.e. the revenues of the forthcoming year (ll. 16-19).</p>
243                            <lb/><p>     2. Starting from the year following Hybreas’s successor (i.e. from the second year after Hybreas) the procedure would be the same as that described in point 1) and would last until the complete repayment of the loan with interests (ll. 19-22). According to ll. 22-25, the expenses for sacrifices must be deducted from the income destined to the repayment, with their amount being no higher than 300 drachmas per year.</p>
244                            <lb/><p>     3. The rest of the repayment would be payed to the «appointed men» by the treasurers, until the expiry date of the repayment itself (ll. 25-29). The text stops sharply at line 29 due to damage to the stone and starts again at line 30 with <foreign xml:lang="grc">μηνὶ Πανέμωι</foreign>, followed by an <foreign xml:lang="gcr">Μ</foreign> and a further gap. The integration <foreign xml:lang="grc"> <supplied reason="lost">ἀποδόσεως ἐμ</supplied> | μηνὶ Πανέμωι</foreign> is almost certainly correct, and the mention of themonth Panemos most likely introduces the scheduled expiry date.</p>
245                <lb/><p>This complex process of refund pertains not to the lender, Ouliades (I), but to the «appointed men», as emerges from lines 27-28. The city/sanctuary is supposed to refund them according to the procedure outlined in points 1-3, after charging them with the full restitution of the loan with interests to Ouliades (I) within the established term (12 months), in order not to incur penalties for delay. Therefore, the «appointed men» are warrantors of the debtor city/sanctuary: they receive the loan from the primary lender and then refund him out-of-pocket. The loan they grant to the institution (by refunding the first lender) is interest-free and its repayment runs for a longer but not unlimited time (see ll. 29-30). Migeotte, <title>Emprunt</title>, 329 and Pernin 2014, 426, suggest that the «appointed men» would be completely refunded at the end of the second year (after Hybreas), but this is actually a mere possibility. In fact, the text gives us only the month (Panemos) of the expiry date (if this interpretation is correct), but we know nothing about the year of expiry: the information at ll. 20-22 (<foreign xml:lang="grc">ἐκ τοῦ ἐπιόντος χρό<supplied reason="lost">νου</supplied> | <supplied reason="lost">ἕ</supplied>]ως τοῦ ἀποδοθῆναι τὸ προγε<supplied reason="lost">γραμ</supplied>|μένον δάνειον σὺν τόκωι</foreign>) does not add anything.</p>
246                <lb/><p>Figures of intermediary lenders such as the ones attested in the inscription being considered appear also in some other epigraphical documents (see Migeotte, <title>Emprunt</title>, 329). In Migeotte, <title>Emprunt</title> 118, three citizens charged with the refund of a public loan obtain part of the income of the city as personal repayment (unknown city, 200 BC ca.). Several inscriptions from the sanctuary of Apollon at Delos attest certain individuals called <foreign xml:lang="grc">προδανεισταί</foreign>, who act as intermediaries between the city and the temple, taking care of repaying the temple (the lender) on behalf of the city (e.g. <title>IG</title> XI 2, 158B, 32-38; <title>IG</title> XI 2, 203A, 73-74, 75-78; <title>IG</title> XI 2, 287A, 122-125 etc.; see Bogaert 1968, 131-137). Similarly in Plut. <title level="m">Lyc.</title> 852B Lykourgos lends the city a sum of money received in deposit (<foreign xml:lang="grc">παρακαταθήκη</foreign> in 841D) by some citizens, thus acting as an intermediary lender: his action is indicated by the verb <foreign xml:lang="grc">προδανείζειν</foreign>.</p>
247                <lb/><p>A definition of <foreign xml:lang="grc">προδανειστής</foreign> that fits the case of Olymos well is in <title>Anecdota Graeca</title> I, p. 192 Bekker, l. 26: <foreign xml:lang="grc">προδανειστής· ὁ ἀντὶ τοῦ δανειζομένου γραφόμενος τὴν ὁμολογίαν</foreign>, where the substantivized middle participle <foreign xml:lang="grc">δανειζόμενος</foreign> indicates the person or the institution that takes a loan, so that the <foreign xml:lang="grc">προδανειστής</foreign> is defined as an intermediary proper. However, the verb <foreign xml:lang="grc">προδανείζειν</foreign>, with its cognates, is otherwise attested with the simple meaning ‘to lend’ and is not always distinguishable from <foreign xml:lang="grc">δανείζειν</foreign>: see e.g. Migeotte, <title>Emprunt</title> 4, 68A, 89, 96, 98, 103. Only in the last of these inscriptions is there a distinction between <foreign xml:lang="grc">δανείσαντες</foreign> – people who lend with interests – and <foreign xml:lang="grc">προδανεισταί</foreign> – who lend <foreign xml:lang="grc">ἄτοκα χρήματα</foreign>, but the latter is not used merely for interest-free loans, as no. 96 shows (see Migeotte 2014, 302 n. 153).</p>
248                <lb/><p>Individuals referred to as <foreign xml:lang="grc">προδανεισταί</foreign> appear also in some inscriptions from Mylasa and Olymos with a different role. Namely, the term is used to describe rich and notable individuals who receive in deposit large sums of money from the city/sanctuary (see Bogaert 1968, 268-270; Pernin 2014, 426). This money is destined to the purchase of lands: when the city/sanctuary decides to purchase, after verifying the availability of money, it issues a decree that appoints certain citizens to take the necessary amount from the <foreign xml:lang="grc">προδανεισταί</foreign> (see e.g. <title>I.Mylasa</title> 802, 827, <title>SEG</title> 54 1094). It is possible that these rich men could afford to lend money out-of-pocket to the city/sanctuary in order to refund a lender, as happens in this decree from Olymos – but it must be remarked that the definition of <foreign xml:lang="grc">προδανεισταί</foreign> for the Olymean «appointed men» is essentially based on the case of Delos and on the above quoted <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">Anecdoton</foreign>.</p>
249                <lb/>
250                <lb/>
251                <lb/><p>Ashton, R. and G. Reger (2006), 'The Pseudo-Rhodian Drachms of Mylasa revisited', in P. Van Alfen (ed.), <title level="m">Agoranomia. Studies in money and exchange presented to John H. Kroll</title>, New York, 125-150</p>
252                <lb/><p>Behrend, D. (1973), 'Rechtshistorische Betrachtungen zu den Pachtdokumenten aus Mylasa und Olymos', in <title level="m">Akten des VI. Internationale Kongresses für Griechische und Lateinische Epigraphik</title>, München, 145-168</p>
253                <lb/><p>Bogaert, R. (1968), <title level="m">Banques et banquiers dans les cités grecques</title>, Leiden</p>
254                <lb/><p>Chandezon, C. (1998), 'Paysage et économie rurale en Asie Mineure à l’époque hellénistique. À partir de quelques baux de Mylasa (IIe-Ier siècle avant J.-C.)', <title>Histoire et Sociétés Rurales</title> 9, 33-56</p>
255                <lb/><p>Chandezon, C. (2003), <title level="m">L’Élevage en Grèce (fin Ve-fin Ier s. a.C.). L’apport des sources épigraphiques</title>, Bordeaux</p>
256                <lb/><p>Chankowski, V. (2005), 'Techniques financières, influences, performances dans les activités bancaires des sanctuaires grecs', <title>Topoi</title> 12-13, 69-93</p>
257                <lb/><p>Debord, P. (1982), <title level="m">Aspects sociaux et économiques de la vie religieuse dans l’Anatolie gréco-romaine</title>, Leiden</p>  
258                <lb/><p>Descat, R. and I. Pernin (2008), ‘Notes sur la chronologie et l'histoire des baux de Mylasa’, <title level="j">Studi Ellenistici</title> 20, 2008, 285-314</p>
259                <lb/><p>Dignas, B. (2000), 'The Leases of Sacred Property at Mylasa: An Alimentary Scheme for the Gods', <title>Kernos</title> 13, 117-126</p>
260                <lb/><p>Dignas, B. (2002), <title level="m">The Economy of the Sacred in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor</title>, Oxford</p>
261                <lb/><p>Korver, J. (1979), <title level="m">De terminologie van het Crediet-wezen in het grieksch</title>, New York-Amsterdam</p>
262                <lb/><p>Laumonier, A. (1940),'Les baux d’Olymos', <title>REA</title> 42, 201-213</p>
263                <lb/><p>Laumonier, A. (1958) <title level="m">Les cultes indigènes en Carie</title>, Paris</p>
264                <lb/><p>Merkelbach, R. (1994), 'Das Repertorium der Inschriften von Mylasa. Zu Th. Drew-Bears Rezensions von I.K. 34 (W. Blümel), mit einer Hypothese über die Mylaseer Pachturkunden', <title>ZPE</title> 101, 301-306</p>
265                <lb/><p>Migeotte, L. (2014), <title level="m">Les finances des cités grecques</title>, Paris</p>
266                <lb/><p>Pappadakis, N.G. (1923), 'Έκ Βοιωτίας', <title>AD</title> 8, 182-258</p>
267                <lb/><p>Partsch, J. (1909), <title level="m">Griechisches Bürgschaftsrecht</title>, Leipzig</p>
268                <lb/><p>Pernin, I. (2014), <title level="m">Les baux ruraux en Grèce ancienne</title>, Lyon</p>
269                <lb/><p>Persson, A.W. (1922), 'Inscriptions de Carie', <title>BCH</title> 46, 420-426</p>
270                <lb/><p>Plassart, A. and B. Haussoullier (1923), 'Correspondance', <title>BCH</title>, 47, 545-7</p>
271                <lb/><p>Robert, L. (1945), <title level="m">Le sanctuaire de Sinuri près de Mylasa. Première partie: les inscriptions grecques</title>, Paris</p>
272                <lb/><p>Ruge, E. (1937), <foreign xml:lang="grc-Latn">s.v.</foreign> Olymos, <title>RE</title>, 17.2, Stuttgart, 2510-2519</p>
273                <lb/><p>Wilhelm, A. (1924), 'Zur Inschriften aus Athen, Delos, Haliartos, Elateia, Chersonasos, Rhodos, Kalymnos und Olymos', <title>AA</title> 61, 149-62</p>
274            </div>
275		
276            <div type="commentary" xml:lang="en">
277                <head>Author</head>
278	        <p>Marco Santini</p>
279            </div>
280          
281             <div type="commentary" xml:lang="en">
282                <head>Last update</head>
283	        <p>March 2017</p>
284            </div>
285         
286            <div type='commentary' xml:lang='en'>
287                <head>DOI</head>
288                <p>10.25429/sns.it/lettere/GEI030</p>
289            </div>    
290            
291        </body>
292    </text>
293</TEI>